Map of the top 50 countries, outside Greece and Cyprus, with th…

Extent of the empire of Alexander the Great

Porträt Mikis Theodorakis, Oktober 2004 - Photo: Guy Wagner

Santorini: Ia with view at Venetian castle ruins

Greece

Mediterranean Sea

Climate

EUR

Currency

Moderate

Safety

Moderate

Cost of Living

Greek

Language

Mediterranean Sea

Climate

EUR

Currency

Moderate

Safety

Moderate

Cost of Living

Greek

Language

Country Information Greece

Greece, located in southeastern Europe, is a country with a rich and complex geographical landscape. Situated at the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, it encompasses a mainland and approximately 6,000 islands and islets scattered across the Aegea...

Cost of Living

vs EU Average12% more expensive

Rent

€525Apartment (1 bedroom) in City…

Meal

€16.50Meal, Inexpensive Restaurant

Groceries

€1.50Milk (regular), (1 liter)

Transport

€1.30One-way Ticket (Local Transpo…

Read the full cost-of-living guide

Your Greece Roadmap

40+ page relocation analysis tailored to your profile.

Custom Tax & Cost Projection
District Matching for your Lifestyle
Vetted Local Partner Directory

With a safety index of 54/100, Greece offers moderate safety conditions for expats and their families.

Safety & Security in Greece

Overall Safety Score

Calculated from crime, safety, and healthcare indices

Moderate

/100

Worldwide Average

Moderate54/100

Europe Average

Moderate65/100

Crime & Safety Metrics

Index

Compare:

Greece

Europe Average

Safety Index

Moderate

Safety from Crime

Moderate

Safe Alone (Day)

Good

Safe Alone (Night)

Low

Safety from Violent Crime

Moderate

Safety from Property Crime

Concerning

Healthcare & Emergency Response

Index

Healthcare Index

Adequate

Healthcare Quality

Adequate

Emergency Response

Limited

Emergency: 112| Police: 100| Medical: 061

Full guide

Data Completeness: Complete

Visa Requirements for Greece

Entry Requirements & Visa Options

Greece, as a Schengen Area member, allows visa-free entry for citizens of over 60 countries, including the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, and many others, for tourism, business, or short visits up to 90 days within any 180-day period. Travelers must possess a passport valid for at least 3 months beyond their planned departure from the Schengen Area, proof of onward travel, sufficient funds, and accommodation details. No visa-on-arrival is available; entry is strictly visa-free for eligible nationalities.[1][4][5] From...

Visa-free entry: 90 days

Digital Nomad Visa: 6 months

Work permits available

Investment visa from .

Read full guide

Discover Cities in Greece

Create your free profile to see personalized match scores.

Country Risk Intelligence

Political StabilityN/A

Stable

Disaster Activity0/100

Stable

DisplacementNo significant displacement

Sign in to access this feature

Create an account to access:

✓Browse public data
✓Basic city search
✓Limited comparisons

Last updated: Apr 15, 2026

Location Intelligence for Greece

Cost of Living52.5

12% above EU avg

Safety53.8

17% below EU avg

Quality of Life142.7

8% below EU avg

Purchasing Power68.4

Near EU average

Baselines based on EU averages. Source: Numbeo indices.

Capital

Athens

Timezone

UTC+02:00

Area

131,990 km²

Population

10,715,549

Greece shows a purchasing power index of 68/100, indicating good economic conditions for expats.

Economic Overview in Greece

Index

GDP

$219.07B

HDI

0.9

Quality of Life

62/100

+19 vs NYC

Purchasing Power

28/100

-14 vs NYC

Understanding the economic landscape is essential for evaluating living costs and opportunities in Greece. This comprehensive overview covers key financial indicators including cost of living, housing markets, income levels, and fiscal policies that shape daily life and long-term financial planning.

Compare:

Greece

Continent Avg

Cost of Living Index

Moderate

Moderate costs (CPI: 53.4). Groceries (50.8), restaurants (58.8), and rent (12.7) are affordable relative to NYC baseline=100, with regional variations.

Housing Market

Poor

Property prices average 12.1 years of household income. Low rent index (12.7) offers affordability, especially outside Athens.

Average Income Levels

Poor

Purchasing power index of 67.1 indicates below-average buying power. Unemployment at decade-low supports steady income growth.

Tax System

Moderate

Progressive income tax 9-44%, VAT 24% standard (13-6% reduced), property tax ENFIA annual. Fair system with regional variations, ongoing evasion challenges.

Business Environment

Moderate

Ease of doing business improved (World Bank legacy rank ~79/190); strong growth (2.1-2.2% GDP 2025-26), EU funds aid startups, bureaucracy persists.

Social Security

Good

Universal healthcare via ESY, generous pensions (23.7% GDP social spending), unemployment benefits up to 24 months. Comprehensive welfare state covers families.

Work & Business in Greece

Business ClimateSee full guide for details

Work PermitsRequirements vary by nationality

Key IndustriesExplore opportunities

Read full guide

Education SystemInternational schools, universities & curricula

Explore Guide

Climate

Greece features a predominantly Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters, influenced by its diverse topography including mountains, islands, and coastlines. Regional variations include more continental conditions in the north with cooler winters and occasional snow, while southern and island areas remain milder.

Climate

Mediterranean, Continental

Summer

25–35°C

Winter

5–15°C

Sunshine

3200+ hrs/yr

3 distinct climate regions — see full guide for details

Read full guide

Demographics in Greece

Life Expectancy

81.1

Population

10,715,549

Religions

Islam

Ethnic Composition

Greeks

N/A

What Expats Say About GreeceBETA

Research in Progress

We're currently analyzing expat perspectives for Greece. Check back soon for insights from real experiences!

We're gradually rolling out this feature and continuously improving the insights. The data is based on real expat discussions and will become more comprehensive over time.

Transportation & Infrastructure in Greece

Public TransitAvailable in major cities

AirportsInternational connectivity

InfrastructureRoad & rail networks

Read full guide

Long-term Expat Guide for Greece

Visa Requirements

Relocating to Greece requires careful navigation of its immigration framework, which is primarily governed by the Ministry of Migration and Asylum. The rules vary significantly based on your nationality and the purpose of your stay.

Visa-Free Entry and Tourist Stay Limits:
- EU/EEA/Swiss Citizens: Enjoy freedom of movement and residence in Greece. They do not require a visa or residency permit to live and work in Greece. However, for stays longer than three months, they should register their residence with the local police department.
- US, UK, Canadian, Australian, and other non-EU/EEA citizens: Can enter Greece (and the wider Schengen Area) visa-free for tourism or business purposes for up to 90 days within any 180-day period. This is a strict limit, and overstaying can lead to fines, deportation, and future entry bans.
Temporary Residency Tracks: For stays longer than 90 days or for specific purposes, non-EU/EEA citizens must apply for a national D-type visa from a Greek consulate in their home country before arrival, which then allows them to apply for a residency permit in Greece.
- Work Visas: Typically sponsored by a Greek employer. The employer must demonstrate that no suitable EU/EEA candidate could be found. The process involves securing a job offer, applying for a D-type visa, and then a residency permit upon arrival. The Greek government has been working to streamline processes, but it remains complex.
- Study Visas: Issued to individuals accepted into accredited Greek educational institutions. Requires proof of enrollment, sufficient funds, and health insurance. Initially a D-type visa, followed by a student residency permit.
- Family Reunion Visas: Allows non-EU/EEA family members (spouses, minor children, sometimes adult dependent children or parents) of a Greek citizen or a legal resident to join them in Greece. Requires proof of relationship, stable income, and adequate housing.
- Investment (Golden Visa) Programme: Greece's Golden Visa program, one of the most popular in Europe, grants a five-year renewable residency permit to non-EU/EEA citizens who make a significant investment. As of April 2026, the minimum investment thresholds have been adjusted in certain areas. For properties in Attica, Thessaloniki, Mykonos, and Santorini, the minimum real estate investment is €800,000 (approx. $860,000 USD). In other regions, it remains €400,000 (approx. $430,000 USD). Other investment options include capital contribution, purchase of shares, or government bonds. This permit allows visa-free travel within the Schengen Area and includes family members.
- Digital Nomad Visa (DN Visa): Introduced in 2021 and actively promoted for 2025-2026. This visa is for non-EU/EEA citizens who work remotely for an employer or clients outside Greece. Key requirements include:
  - Proof of employment or contract with a company outside Greece.
  - Minimum monthly income of €3,500 (approx. $3,750 USD) after tax, which increases by 20% for a spouse and 15% for each child.
  - Proof of health insurance.
  - Clean criminal record.
  - The initial visa is valid for one year and can be renewed for two years, then for three years, provided conditions are met. Digital nomads under this regime may also benefit from a 50% tax exemption on their Greek-sourced income for up to seven years, provided they meet specific criteria (e.g., not having been a tax resident in Greece for the previous five years).
Permanent Residency:
- Eligibility: Generally, non-EU/EEA citizens can apply for long-term (permanent) residency after residing legally in Greece for five continuous years under a temporary residency permit. This requires demonstrating stable income, health insurance, and integration into Greek society.
- Timeline & Process: After five years, applicants apply to the Ministry of Migration and Asylum for a long-term resident status. The process can take several months to over a year. Golden Visa holders are eligible to apply for permanent residency after five years, provided they maintain their investment.
Citizenship:
- Requirements: Non-EU/EEA citizens can typically apply for Greek citizenship by naturalization after seven years of legal and continuous residency (reduced to three years for spouses of Greek citizens or those with Greek heritage). Requirements include:
  - Sufficient knowledge of the Greek language (B1 level).
  - Knowledge of Greek history and culture.
  - Integration into Greek society.
  - Clean criminal record.
  - Financial self-sufficiency.
- Timeline: The naturalization process is lengthy and can take 2-5 years or more from application submission to approval.
Work Permits and Employment Authorisation: For non-EU/EEA citizens, a work permit is intrinsically linked to their residency permit. You cannot obtain a standalone work permit without a corresponding residency status (e.g., through a work visa, Golden Visa, or Digital Nomad Visa). The employer typically initiates the process for work-related permits.
Student Visas: As mentioned, these require acceptance from a Greek educational institution, proof of funds, and health insurance. The initial D-type visa is followed by a student residency permit, renewable annually for the duration of studies.
Family Reunion and Dependent Visas: These allow family members of a legal resident or Greek citizen to obtain residency. The primary applicant must demonstrate sufficient income and accommodation. The process involves applying for a D-type visa from abroad, then a residency permit in Greece.
Application Process:
- Where to Apply: For D-type visas, applications are made at the Greek Embassy or Consulate in your country of residence. For residency permits, applications are submitted to the relevant Aliens and Immigration Department of the Decentralized Administration in Greece (e.g., Ministry of Migration and Asylum).
- Documentation: Varies by visa type but commonly includes: valid passport, visa application form, passport-sized photos, proof of purpose of stay (e.g., job offer, university acceptance, investment proof), proof of sufficient funds, health insurance, clean criminal record certificate, medical certificate, proof of accommodation, and sometimes a travel itinerary.
- Fees: Visa fees typically range from €75-€150 (approx. $80-$160 USD) for D-type visas. Residency permit fees vary significantly, from €150-€2,000+ (approx. $160-$2,150+ USD) depending on the category (e.g., Golden Visa fees are higher). These fees are subject to change.
- Timelines: Visa processing can take 2-4 weeks, but residency permit applications in Greece can take 3-6 months or even longer, especially for complex cases or during peak periods. It's crucial to apply well in advance.
Renewal Procedures: Residency permits must be renewed before their expiry date. The application process is similar to the initial application, requiring updated documentation, proof of continued eligibility (e.g., employment, investment, funds), and payment of renewal fees. It's advisable to start the renewal process several months before expiry.
Common Pitfalls and Refusal Reasons:
- Incomplete Documentation: The most common reason for delays or refusals. Ensure all required documents are translated into Greek by a certified translator and apostilled if necessary.
- Insufficient Funds: Failure to prove adequate financial means to support oneself and dependents.
- Criminal Record: Any serious criminal history can lead to refusal.
- Overstaying Previous Visas: Strict adherence to Schengen rules is paramount.
- False Information: Providing misleading or false information will result in immediate refusal and potential bans.
- Lack of Health Insurance: Mandatory for all long-term stays.

It is highly recommended to consult with the Greek Embassy/Consulate in your country or a specialized immigration lawyer in Greece for personalized advice, as laws and requirements can change.

Tax Obligations

Understanding your tax obligations in Greece is crucial for long-term expats. The Greek tax system is administered by the Independent Authority for Public Revenue (AADE – ΑΑΔΕ).

Tax Residency Rules:
- A foreigner generally becomes a tax resident in Greece if they spend more than 183 days (consecutive or not) within any 12-month period in the country. This is the primary criterion. Even if you spend less than 183 days but your 'centre of vital interests' (personal and economic ties) is in Greece, you may be considered a tax resident.
- Tax residents are taxed on their worldwide income, while non-tax residents are only taxed on income sourced in Greece.
- It is essential to register with the AADE and obtain a Tax Identification Number (AFM – ΑΦΜ) upon becoming a resident.
Income Tax Rates and Brackets (for 2025-2026, subject to annual adjustments):
- Residents: Progressive tax rates apply to employment income, business profits, and rental income. As of April 2026, the general income tax scale for individuals is approximately:
  - Up to €10,000: 9%
  - €10,001 - €20,000: 22%
  - €20,001 - €30,000: 28%
  - €30,001 - €40,000: 36%
  - Over €40,000: 44%
- Non-Residents: Taxed only on their Greek-sourced income, typically at a flat rate of 15% for employment income or 24% for business profits, unless a double taxation treaty specifies otherwise.
- Special Tax Regimes for Expats: Greece has introduced attractive tax incentives to attract foreign residents:
  - Non-Domicile Tax Regime (for high-net-worth individuals): Allows individuals who transfer their tax residence to Greece to pay a flat annual tax of €100,000 (approx. $107,000 USD) on their worldwide income, regardless of the actual amount, for up to 15 years. Conditions apply, including a minimum investment in Greece.
  - Special Tax Regime for New Tax Residents (Article 5C of Greek Income Tax Code): Offers a 50% tax exemption on Greek-sourced income from employment or business activities for up to seven years. To qualify, individuals must not have been a tax resident in Greece for the previous five out of six years and must relocate to Greece to take up employment or start a business, among other conditions. This is particularly relevant for digital nomads and highly skilled workers.
  - Special Tax Regime for Foreign Pensioners: Offers a flat tax rate of 7% on all foreign-sourced pension income for up to 15 years, provided they transfer their tax residency to Greece and were not a tax resident for the previous five out of six years.
Double Taxation Treaties: Greece has an extensive network of Double Taxation Treaties (DTTs) with many countries, including the US, UK, Canada, Australia, most EU member states, and others. These treaties aim to prevent individuals from being taxed twice on the same income in two different countries. It's crucial to consult the specific DTT between Greece and your home country to understand how your income will be treated.
Social Security and Pension Contributions for Foreigners:
- All employed individuals in Greece, including foreigners, are generally required to contribute to the National Social Security Fund (EFKA – ΕΦΚΑ). Contributions cover pension, healthcare, unemployment, and other benefits.
- Employee contributions are typically around 16% of gross salary, while employer contributions are around 25%. Self-employed individuals pay contributions based on their income category.
- Citizens of EU/EEA countries and Switzerland are covered by EU social security coordination rules (e.g., E101/A1 forms). Greece also has bilateral social security agreements with some non-EU countries (e.g., US, Canada) to avoid double contributions.
Tax Filing Requirements, Deadlines, and How to File:
- All tax residents must file an annual income tax return (E1 form) electronically through the AADE's online portal (www.aade.gr). Non-residents with Greek-sourced income also need to file.
- The tax year is the calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
- The deadline for filing individual income tax returns is typically June 30th of the following year, but extensions are common. For 2025 income, the deadline will be around June 2026.
- Tax payments are usually made in several installments (e.g., 3-8 monthly installments) following the filing deadline.
- An AFM (Tax Identification Number) and TaxisNet (online tax platform) credentials are required for electronic filing.
Tax Deductions and Allowances Available to Expats:
- Limited deductions are available for individuals, primarily related to certain expenses like medical costs, donations, and energy efficiency upgrades. The tax-free threshold is generally low or non-existent for many income types.
- The special tax regimes mentioned above (non-dom, 50% exemption, 7% for pensioners) are the most significant 'allowances' for qualifying expats.
Property Ownership Tax for Foreigners:
- Owners of real estate in Greece are subject to the Unified Real Estate Property Tax (ENFIA – ΕΝΦΙΑ). This is an annual tax comprising a main tax (calculated per square meter based on objective values, zone prices, age, and floor of the property) and a supplementary tax (for properties with a total objective value exceeding €250,000).
- Property transfer tax (FMA) is levied at 3.09% on the objective value of the property when it is purchased.
Capital Gains Tax:
- Capital gains from the sale of real estate are generally taxed at a rate of 15%. However, there is currently an exemption for capital gains from real estate sales acquired before January 1, 2007.
- Capital gains from the sale of shares or other securities are generally taxed at 15%, with some exemptions.
VAT and Other Indirect Taxes Affecting Daily Life:
- The standard Value Added Tax (VAT – ΦΠΑ) rate in Greece is 24%. Reduced rates of 13% and 6% apply to certain goods and services (e.g., food, hotels, medicines, books).
- Other indirect taxes include excise duties on fuel, alcohol, tobacco, and a luxury tax on certain goods.
- A tourist accommodation tax (stayover tax) applies to hotel and rental stays, varying by accommodation type and season.
Wealth or Net Worth Taxes: Greece does not impose a general wealth or net worth tax on individuals.
When to Engage a Local Tax Advisor: It is highly recommended to engage a local Greek tax advisor (accountant or lawyer specializing in tax) as soon as you plan to become a tax resident or acquire significant assets in Greece. This is especially true if you have complex income streams, wish to apply for one of the special expat tax regimes, or own property. Greek tax law can be intricate, and professional guidance ensures compliance and optimization.
Penalties for Non-Compliance:
- Late Filing: Penalties for late filing of tax returns can range from €100 to €500 depending on the type of taxpayer.
- Under-declaration/Tax Evasion: Significant fines and surcharges apply for under-declared income or tax evasion, typically ranging from 10% to 50% of the underpaid tax, plus interest. Serious cases can lead to criminal prosecution.
- Late Payment: Interest is charged on overdue tax amounts, typically at a monthly rate of 0.73% (as of April 2026), plus potential administrative fines.

Healthcare

Greece offers a mixed healthcare system, combining public and private services. Understanding how to access care is vital for expats, as rights and coverage vary based on residency status and employment.

Healthcare System Overview: Public vs. Private, How it is Funded:
- Public Healthcare (ESY - ΕΣΥ): The National Health System (Ethniko Systima Ygeias) is funded primarily through social security contributions and state budget allocations. It aims to provide universal healthcare to all legal residents. Public hospitals and health centers are the backbone of ESY.
- Private Healthcare: Runs parallel to the public system, offering faster appointments, more comfortable facilities, and often English-speaking staff. It is funded through private health insurance or out-of-pocket payments.
- EOPYY (ΕΟΠΥΥ): The National Organisation for the Provision of Health Services is the main social security fund that manages public healthcare benefits for insured individuals.
Access Rights for Foreigners:
- Tourists (non-EU/EEA): Generally have no access to the public healthcare system unless it's an emergency. Travel insurance with comprehensive medical coverage is essential. EU/EEA tourists can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for necessary medical treatment.
- Residents (EU/EEA): Can access public healthcare if they are registered with the Greek social security system (EFKA) or hold an EHIC from their home country.
- Residents (non-EU/EEA with Residency Permit): Gain access to the public healthcare system once they are legally employed and contributing to EFKA, or if they are dependents of an insured individual. Until then, private health insurance is mandatory for residency permit applications.
- Workers: All legally employed individuals, regardless of nationality, contribute to EFKA and are thus entitled to public healthcare benefits through EOPYY.
Health Insurance: What is Required, What Public Coverage Covers:
- Required: For non-EU/EEA citizens applying for any long-term visa or residency permit, proof of valid health insurance (often private) is mandatory until they become eligible for public coverage through employment.
- Public Coverage (EOPYY): Covers a wide range of services, including:
  - Hospitalization (public hospitals).
  - Visits to EOPYY-contracted doctors (often with a small co-payment or free).
  - Prescription medications (with a co-payment, typically 10-25%).
  - Laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures (with co-payment).
  - Some dental and vision care (limited).
How to Register with the Public Healthcare System as a Foreigner:
- The key step is obtaining an AMKA number (Αριθμός Μητρώου Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης - Social Security Number). This is your unique social security identification number and is essential for accessing public healthcare, social security benefits, and even opening a bank account or getting a phone contract.
- Eligibility: You must be a legal resident and either employed (contributing to EFKA) or a dependent of an insured person.
- Process:
  1. Obtain an AFM (Tax Identification Number) from the AADE.
  2. Register with EFKA (if employed, your employer usually handles this).
  3. Apply for an AMKA number at a KEP (Citizen Service Centre - ΚΕΠ) or an EFKA office, presenting your passport, residency permit, and AFM.
  4. Once you have an AMKA, you are registered with EOPYY and can access public healthcare services.
Private Health Insurance: Recommended Providers, Typical Costs:
- Many expats opt for private health insurance to supplement or replace public coverage, especially during their initial period or for higher quality/faster access.
- Providers: International providers like Cigna, Allianz, Bupa, AXA, and local Greek providers such as Ethniki Asfalistiki, Interamerican, and Generali offer various plans.
- Typical Costs: Premiums vary widely based on age, health status, coverage level, and provider. For a healthy individual, basic private insurance might range from €300-€800 (approx. $320-$860 USD) per year. Comprehensive plans can easily exceed €1,000-€3,000+ (approx. $1,070-$3,200+ USD) annually, especially for families or older individuals (as of April 2026).
Quality of Public vs. Private Care in Practice:
- Public Care: Public hospitals can be overcrowded, have longer waiting times for appointments and non-emergency procedures, and facilities might be older. However, the medical staff are generally well-trained and dedicated, especially in major cities. For serious emergencies, public hospitals provide excellent care.
- Private Care: Offers modern facilities, shorter waiting times, more personalized service, and a higher likelihood of English-speaking staff. Many Greek doctors also maintain private practices, offering direct access to specialists.
Emergency Services: How to Access, What to Expect:
- Emergency Number: The pan-European emergency number is 112. For an ambulance specifically, dial 166.
- Access: In a medical emergency, anyone can access public hospital emergency departments, regardless of insurance status. However, non-insured individuals may be billed for services after stabilization.
- What to Expect: Emergency rooms in public hospitals can be chaotic and have long waits for non-life-threatening conditions. For serious emergencies, care is generally prompt and effective.
Prescription Medications: Availability, Cost, How to Obtain:
- Availability: Pharmacies (φαρμακεία) are widespread in Greece, easily identifiable by a green cross. Most common medications are readily available.
- Cost: With EOPYY coverage, prescription medications are subsidized, requiring a co-payment (typically 10-25%). Without EOPYY, you pay the full price. Prices are generally regulated.
- How to Obtain: A prescription from a Greek doctor (public or private) is usually required. For chronic conditions, repeat prescriptions are common. Some over-the-counter medications are available directly from pharmacies.
Dental and Vision Care: Public Coverage vs. Out-of-Pocket:
- Public Coverage: EOPYY offers very limited coverage for dental care (e.g., basic check-ups, extractions) and virtually no coverage for vision care (e.g., glasses, contact lenses). Many public dental clinics are understaffed.
- Out-of-Pocket/Private: Most expats and Greeks use private dentists and opticians. Costs are generally reasonable compared to many Western countries, but can add up. Private health insurance plans often offer optional dental and vision add-ons.
Mental Health Services Available to Expats:
- Mental health services are available through both public and private channels. Public services include psychiatric clinics in hospitals and some community mental health centers, but resources can be stretched, and waiting lists may exist.
- Private psychologists, psychiatrists, and therapists are widely available, especially in major cities like Athens and Thessaloniki. Many offer services in English. Costs for private sessions can range from €50-€100+ (approx. $55-$110+ USD) per session. Private health insurance may cover some of these costs.
Vaccinations and Travel Health Requirements:
- Routine Vaccinations: Ensure all routine vaccinations (MMR, DTP, polio, etc.) are up-to-date. The Greek public health system follows standard vaccination schedules.
- Recommended Vaccinations: For general travel to Greece, no specific additional vaccinations are typically required beyond routine ones. However, depending on individual travel plans (e.g., rural areas, prolonged stays), vaccinations for Hepatitis A and B, and Tetanus might be recommended.
- COVID-19: While entry requirements have largely been relaxed, it's always wise to check the latest guidelines from the Greek Ministry of Health or your embassy regarding any potential testing or vaccination recommendations, especially for healthcare settings.
- General Health Advice: Tap water is generally safe to drink in most urban areas. Be mindful of sun exposure and stay hydrated during summer months.

Living Costs in Greece

Cost of living is moderate, approximately 30% lower than Western European countries like Germany, with affordable housing and reasonable daily expenses.

Crime & Safety in Greece

Generally safe country with low violent crime rates, though petty theft can occur in tourist areas. Urban centers have good overall security.

Safety Index: 53.76 | Crime Level: 46.24

Health System in Greece

Public healthcare system provides comprehensive coverage for residents, with good quality medical services and relatively short wait times.

Quality Rating: 7.5/10

Advantages in Greece

Mediterranean climate with 300+ sunny days annually
Rich historical and cultural heritage with stunning landscapes
Affordable living costs compared to Northern European countries
Excellent cuisine and renowned Mediterranean diet

Disadvantages in Greece

High youth unemployment and challenging job market
Complex bureaucratic processes for administrative tasks
Economic instability and ongoing financial challenges
Limited English proficiency outside major cities

Retirement & Benefits in Greece

Retirement VisaCheck eligibility

Healthcare AccessPublic & private options

Pension RecognitionSee guide for details

Read full guide

Legal & Administrative in Greece

Residency OptionsMultiple pathways available

Property OwnershipForeign buyers welcome

Legal SystemSee full guide

Read full guide

Political Landscape & Stability

Greece operates as a parliamentary republic with President Konstantinos Tasoulas as head of state since February 2025 and Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis leading the New Democracy government since 2023. The unicameral Hellenic Parliament features New Democracy's majority amid opposition shifts including Syriza's decline. Recent fiscal expansions aim to support households while addressing economic recovery.

System

Parliamentary Republic

Stability

Moderate

Democracy

Flawed Democracy

Legal System

Civil law system

Read full guide

Environment & Sustainability in Greece

Air QualitySee detailed assessment

Green SpacesParks & nature areas

SustainabilityEnvironmental policies

Read full guide

Your Greece Roadmap

40+ page relocation analysis tailored to your profile.

Custom Tax & Cost Projection
District Matching for your Lifestyle
Vetted Local Partner Directory

Greece at a Glance

Capital

Athens

Languages

Greek

UN Member

Yes

Major Cities

Athens,Thessaloniki,Pátrai,Piraeus

Quick Facts for Greece

Population

10,715,549

Currency

EUR

Timezone

UTC+02:00

Calling Code

+30

Week starts on

Monday

Gini Coefficient

32.9 (2018)

Traffic side

right side

Location

Data Source: Safety, crime, and quality metrics are sourced from Numbeo, a crowd-sourced global database of reported data.

All scores are relative comparisons on a 0-100 scale, where 50 = global average. Higher scores mean better than average, lower scores mean worse than average.

Healthcare System Overview: Public vs. Private, How it is Funded:
- Public Healthcare (ESY - ΕΣΥ): The National Health System (Ethniko Systima Ygeias) is funded primarily through social security contributions and state budget allocations. It aims to provide universal healthcare to all legal residents. Public hospitals and health centers are the backbone of ESY.
- Private Healthcare: Runs parallel to the public system, offering faster appointments, more comfortable facilities, and often English-speaking staff. It is funded through private health insurance or out-of-pocket payments.
- EOPYY (ΕΟΠΥΥ): The National Organisation for the Provision of Health Services is the main social security fund that manages public healthcare benefits for insured individuals.
Access Rights for Foreigners:
- Tourists (non-EU/EEA): Generally have no access to the public healthcare system unless it's an emergency. Travel insurance with comprehensive medical coverage is essential. EU/EEA tourists can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for necessary medical treatment.
- Residents (EU/EEA): Can access public healthcare if they are registered with the Greek social security system (EFKA) or hold an EHIC from their home country.
- Residents (non-EU/EEA with Residency Permit): Gain access to the public healthcare system once they are legally employed and contributing to EFKA, or if they are dependents of an insured individual. Until then, private health insurance is mandatory for residency permit applications.
- Workers: All legally employed individuals, regardless of nationality, contribute to EFKA and are thus entitled to public healthcare benefits through EOPYY.
Health Insurance: What is Required, What Public Coverage Covers:
- Required: For non-EU/EEA citizens applying for any long-term visa or residency permit, proof of valid health insurance (often private) is mandatory until they become eligible for public coverage through employment.
- Public Coverage (EOPYY): Covers a wide range of services, including:
  - Hospitalization (public hospitals).
  - Visits to EOPYY-contracted doctors (often with a small co-payment or free).
  - Prescription medications (with a co-payment, typically 10-25%).
  - Laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures (with co-payment).
  - Some dental and vision care (limited).
How to Register with the Public Healthcare System as a Foreigner:
- The key step is obtaining an AMKA number (Αριθμός Μητρώου Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης - Social Security Number). This is your unique social security identification number and is essential for accessing public healthcare, social security benefits, and even opening a bank account or getting a phone contract.
- Eligibility: You must be a legal resident and either employed (contributing to EFKA) or a dependent of an insured person.
- Process:
  1. Obtain an AFM (Tax Identification Number) from the AADE.
  2. Register with EFKA (if employed, your employer usually handles this).
  3. Apply for an AMKA number at a KEP (Citizen Service Centre - ΚΕΠ) or an EFKA office, presenting your passport, residency permit, and AFM.
  4. Once you have an AMKA, you are registered with EOPYY and can access public healthcare services.
Private Health Insurance: Recommended Providers, Typical Costs:
- Many expats opt for private health insurance to supplement or replace public coverage, especially during their initial period or for higher quality/faster access.
- Providers: International providers like Cigna, Allianz, Bupa, AXA, and local Greek providers such as Ethniki Asfalistiki, Interamerican, and Generali offer various plans.
- Typical Costs: Premiums vary widely based on age, health status, coverage level, and provider. For a healthy individual, basic private insurance might range from €300-€800 (approx. $320-$860 USD) per year. Comprehensive plans can easily exceed €1,000-€3,000+ (approx. $1,070-$3,200+ USD) annually, especially for families or older individuals (as of April 2026).
Quality of Public vs. Private Care in Practice:
- Public Care: Public hospitals can be overcrowded, have longer waiting times for appointments and non-emergency procedures, and facilities might be older. However, the medical staff are generally well-trained and dedicated, especially in major cities. For serious emergencies, public hospitals provide excellent care.
- Private Care: Offers modern facilities, shorter waiting times, more personalized service, and a higher likelihood of English-speaking staff. Many Greek doctors also maintain private practices, offering direct access to specialists.
Emergency Services: How to Access, What to Expect:
- Emergency Number: The pan-European emergency number is 112. For an ambulance specifically, dial 166.
- Access: In a medical emergency, anyone can access public hospital emergency departments, regardless of insurance status. However, non-insured individuals may be billed for services after stabilization.
- What to Expect: Emergency rooms in public hospitals can be chaotic and have long waits for non-life-threatening conditions. For serious emergencies, care is generally prompt and effective.
Prescription Medications: Availability, Cost, How to Obtain:
- Availability: Pharmacies (φαρμακεία) are widespread in Greece, easily identifiable by a green cross. Most common medications are readily available.
- Cost: With EOPYY coverage, prescription medications are subsidized, requiring a co-payment (typically 10-25%). Without EOPYY, you pay the full price. Prices are generally regulated.
- How to Obtain: A prescription from a Greek doctor (public or private) is usually required. For chronic conditions, repeat prescriptions are common. Some over-the-counter medications are available directly from pharmacies.
Dental and Vision Care: Public Coverage vs. Out-of-Pocket:
- Public Coverage: EOPYY offers very limited coverage for dental care (e.g., basic check-ups, extractions) and virtually no coverage for vision care (e.g., glasses, contact lenses). Many public dental clinics are understaffed.
- Out-of-Pocket/Private: Most expats and Greeks use private dentists and opticians. Costs are generally reasonable compared to many Western countries, but can add up. Private health insurance plans often offer optional dental and vision add-ons.
Mental Health Services Available to Expats:
- Mental health services are available through both public and private channels. Public services include psychiatric clinics in hospitals and some community mental health centers, but resources can be stretched, and waiting lists may exist.
- Private psychologists, psychiatrists, and therapists are widely available, especially in major cities like Athens and Thessaloniki. Many offer services in English. Costs for private sessions can range from €50-€100+ (approx. $55-$110+ USD) per session. Private health insurance may cover some of these costs.
Vaccinations and Travel Health Requirements:
- Routine Vaccinations: Ensure all routine vaccinations (MMR, DTP, polio, etc.) are up-to-date. The Greek public health system follows standard vaccination schedules.
- Recommended Vaccinations: For general travel to Greece, no specific additional vaccinations are typically required beyond routine ones. However, depending on individual travel plans (e.g., rural areas, prolonged stays), vaccinations for Hepatitis A and B, and Tetanus might be recommended.
- COVID-19: While entry requirements have largely been relaxed, it's always wise to check the latest guidelines from the Greek Ministry of Health or your embassy regarding any potential testing or vaccination recommendations, especially for healthcare settings.
- General Health Advice: Tap water is generally safe to drink in most urban areas. Be mindful of sun exposure and stay hydrated during summer months.

nestfainder.ai

nestfainder.ai

Greece

Your Greece Roadmap

Overall Safety Score

Crime & Safety Metrics

Healthcare & Emergency Response

Discover Cities in Greece

Sign in to access this feature

GDP

HDI

Quality of Life

Purchasing Power

Cost of Living Index

Housing Market

Average Income Levels

Tax System

Business Environment

Social Security

Life Expectancy

Population

Religions

Ethnic Composition

Long-term Expat Guide for Greece

Your Greece Roadmap

Overall Safety Score

Crime & Safety Metrics

Healthcare & Emergency Response

Sign in to access this feature

Long-term Expat Guide for Greece