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Politics & Government Guide in Comoros

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions

Comoros operates as a federal presidential republic where President Azali Assoumani serves as both head of state and government, having been re-elected for a third term in January 2024. The January 2025 parliamentary elections resulted in a dominant victory for Assoumani's Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros party, which secured 31 of 33 seats in the Assembly of the Union, though the elections were marked by opposition boycotts and procedural irregularities that required court-ordered re-runs in four constituencies. The country maintains a federal structure with three main islands each possessing significant autonomy with their own governors and legislative assemblies.

Democracy Index

Below Average

Government Type

Federal Presidential Republic

Legal System

Mixed legal system based on Islamic law, French civil law, and customary law

Head of State

President Azali Assoumani(since 2024)

Head of Government

President Azali Assoumani(Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros)since 2024

Political Indicators

Press Freedom
41

Scale: 0-100

Partly Free

Freedom House (2025)

Democracy Index
4.1

Scale: 0-10

Hybrid Regime

Economist Intelligence Unit (2024)

Legislature

Type:unicameral
Lower House:Assembly of the Union (33 seats)

Major Political Parties

Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros(CRC)

Ruling party

31 seats
Juwa(Juwa)

Opposition

0 seats
Party for the Reform of Institutions(PRI)

Opposition

1 seats

Voting Rights

Citizens aged 18 and above have the right to vote. Voting is optional. Citizens directly elect the President to a five-year term, renewable once.

Recent Developments

  • Parliamentary elections held on January 12, 2025, with the CRC winning 31 of 33 seats in the expanded Assembly of the Union
  • Supreme Court invalidated election results in four constituencies on January 28, 2025, due to procedural irregularities, with re-runs held on January 30, 2025
  • Municipal elections held on February 16, 2025, with the CRC winning the majority of constituencies including the capital Moroni
  • President Azali Assoumani appointed a new cabinet of 15 ministers on July 1, 2024, including a new ministry dedicated to gender promotion
  • Main opposition party Juwa boycotted the January 2025 parliamentary elections citing lack of transparency in the electoral process
Voting Age18
SuffrageUniversal
Constitution2001
Islands with autonomous governance3

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