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Transportation & Infrastructure Guide in Costa Rica

Public transit, airports, and getting around

Costa Rica's transportation landscape blends natural beauty with infrastructure hurdles. An extensive but poorly maintained 35,000 km road network handles high vehicle growth, causing congestion especially in San José. Buses form the backbone of affordable public transport reaching remote areas, complemented by limited trains, ferries, and domestic flights from 144 airports. Challenges include OECD-ranked poor road quality and weak intermodal links, yet tourists enjoy scenic routes while residents face daily strains. Sustainability efforts target carbon neutrality amid rising demand.
Public Transport
Below Average
Road Infrastructure
Below Average
Public Transport
4.2/10

Extensive, affordable bus network covers most of the country with multiple private operators serving urban, regional, and long-distance routes. Limited urban trains connect San José to Heredia, Alajuela, and Cartago; no metro. Schedules unreliable outside cities. Taxis, ferries, and domestic flights supplement. Basic integration and accessibility.

Road Infrastructure
2.8/10

35,330 km network (8,621 km paved) is extensive but OECD ranks second-worst quality with potholes, narrow roads, and poor maintenance. Limited highways; heavy congestion in San José from 1.75M vehicles. Weak traffic management; safety issues on routes to tourist spots like Monteverde.

Internet Speed
6.8/10

Solid urban broadband with fiber expansion; rural gaps persist. Mobile internet reliable via major carriers.

Avg: 95.2+ Mbps • Available in major cities like San José; expanding to secondary urban areas, limited rural coverage

Airport Connectivity
6.5/10

144 airports including 16 major ones provide good domestic coverage and international links via Juan Santamaría (SJO) hub. Domestic flights connect remote areas efficiently; strong tourist routes to Nicoya Peninsula and Caribbean.

Hubs: Juan Santamaría (SJO), Daniel Oduber Quirós (LIR), Quepos (XQS), Tambor (TMU)

Transportation Costs

Metro Pass
N/A (no metro)
Bus Trip
₡500-1000 ($1-2) single ride
Taxi
₡800-1500 ($1.50-3) start + ₡500/km ($1/km); red taxis regulated
High-speed Train
N/A (no high-speed rail)

Mobile Network

5G Coverage: Deployed in San José, Heredia, Alajuela, Cartago; expanding to tourist areas and main highways 2024-2026
4G Coverage: 95%+ population coverage; extensive even in rural zones via Kolbi, Claro, Liberty

Reliable networks with good speeds in populated areas; 4G strong nationwide, 5G urban-focused. Minor drops in remote rainforests.

Driving License

IDP requiredConversion needed

Foreign licenses valid for 90 days with IDP recommended/required for non-Spanish licenses. Long-term residents (3+ months) must convert to Costa Rican license via written/practical tests after residency approval.