Estonia, a small Baltic nation of 45,228 km², features a temperate climate in the transition between maritime and continental influences, moderated by the Baltic Sea and Atlantic currents. Predominantly classified as humid continental with warm summers (Dfb Köppen), it experiences four distinct seasons with mild, wet conditions. Average annual temperatures hover around 6.4°C, with July highs of 17.8-18.4°C and February lows of -1.4 to -5.3°C. Precipitation averages 573-761 mm yearly, peaking in late summer, with 102-127 rainy days. Coastal areas are milder and wetter, while inland regions see greater seasonal contrasts. Sunshine totals about 1700-1800 hours annually, and humidity remains moderate at 75-85%. Ideal for expats seeking crisp seasons without extremes, though winters demand preparation for cold and darkness.