Politics & Government Guide · IrelandPolitics & Government Guide in Ireland
Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions
Ireland is governed by a coalition of Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, and independent TDs following the November 2024 general election. Micheál Martin of Fianna Fáil serves as Taoiseach since January 2025, with Sinn Féin as the main opposition. The political system features a stable realignment with Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael in power and increasing fragmentation among smaller parties.
Government Type
Parliamentary Republic
Legal System
Common law system
Head of State
President Michael D. Higgins(since 2011)
Head of Government
Taoiseach Micheál Martin(Fianna Fáil)since 2025
Legislature
Major Political Parties
Centre-right
Centre-right
Left-wing
Voting Rights
Irish and UK citizens can vote in all elections. EU citizens can vote in local and European elections. Full voting rights after citizenship.
Recent Developments
- 2024 general election on November 29 resulted in Fianna Fáil as largest party with 48 seats
- New coalition government formed on January 23, 2025, with Micheál Martin as Taoiseach and Simon Harris as Tánaiste
- Dáil Éireann expanded to 174 TDs across 43 constituencies following Electoral Amendment Act 2023
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