Politics & Government Guide in Mexico

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions

Mexico is a federal presidential republic led by President Claudia Sheinbaum of Morena, who took office in October 2024 after a landslide victory. Her coalition holds supermajorities in both chambers of Congress, enabling significant policy reforms. The country faces challenges including high violence levels and economic pressures amid U.S. relations.

Government Type

Federal presidential republic

Legal System

Civil law system

Head of State

President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo(since 2024)

Head of Government

President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo(National Regeneration Movement)since 2024

Legislature

Type:bicameral

Upper House:Senate of the Republic (128 seats)

Lower House:Chamber of Deputies (500 seats)

Major Political Parties

National Regeneration Movement(Morena)

Left-wing

364 seats

National Action Party(PAN)

Center-right

68 seats

Institutional Revolutionary Party(PRI)

Center

35 seats

Voting Rights

Universal for citizens aged 18 and older. Voter registration is passive.

Recent Developments

Claudia Sheinbaum elected as Mexico's first female president in June 2024 with 59.75% of the vote
Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition secured supermajority in Chamber of Deputies (364/500 seats) and Senate (supermajority by September 2024)
Morena-led coalition became the dominant political force following 2024 elections

Voting Age18

SuffrageUniversal

Constitution1917

Federal entities32