Saudi Arabia flagPolitics & Government Guide

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia remains an absolute monarchy under King Salman, with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman serving as prime minister and consolidating power. Political parties are banned, and governance centers on Vision 2030 reforms for economic diversification amid limited political participation.

Government Type

Absolute Monarchy

Legal System

Islamic (Sharia) law system

Head of State

King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud(since 2015)

Head of Government

Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud(None (political parties illegal))since 2022

Legislature

Type:unicameral
Upper House:Consultative Council (150 seats)

Voting Rights

Municipal elections only; men and women over 18 with restrictions; no national elections

Recent Developments

  • 2026 budget approved with SAR 1.313 trillion expenditures focused on Vision 2030
  • Vision 2030 enters third phase in 2026 emphasizing economic consolidation
  • Continued concentration of power under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman
Voting Age18
SuffrageLimited
Constitution1992
Provinces13