Climate & Weather Guide · SenegalClimate & Weather Guide in Senegal
Climate zones, seasonal temperatures, rainfall patterns, and best travel times
Senegal features a hot tropical climate dominated by three main zones: tropical savanna in the south, hot semi-arid in the center, and hot arid in the north. Expect two distinct seasons—a long dry period with harmattan winds from November to May, and a short wet season from June to October. Temperatures remain warm year-round, with coastal areas milder due to ocean influence, while inland regions see extreme heat up to 54°C. Annual rainfall decreases sharply from south to north, from 1800mm to under 250mm, making the country suitable for sun-seekers but challenging during the dusty dry season. Ideal for expats who enjoy warmth, but air conditioning and hydration are essential[1].
Summer Average
28-35°C
Winter Average
18-28°C
Climate Types
Tropical savanna and Hot semi-arid and Hot arid
250-1800 mm
2,800-3,200 hours annually
60-80%
Regional Climate Variations
Northern Senegal River Valley
The extreme north features a hot arid climate (BWh) with minimal rainfall confined to August-September, often failing entirely. Daytime highs exceed 40°C inland during the dry harmattan season, with very low humidity and high year-to-year variability. Winters are mild but dusty, ideal for those tolerant of intense sun and heat. Expats should prepare for water scarcity and sandstorms[1].
Intensely hot and bone-dry with relentless sunshine; feels like a desert oven year-round, demanding constant hydration and sun protection.
Central Region and Dakar Coast
This hot semi-arid zone (BSh) around Dakar receives about 400mm rain from June-October, with average highs of 30°C in wet season and 26°C in dry winter months. Coastal breezes moderate the heat, keeping nights around 18-24°C. Harmattan winds bring dust but milder conditions than inland. Popular for expats due to urban amenities and consistent warmth[1].
Warm coastal warmth with refreshing sea breezes; dry and sunny most of the year, perfect for beach living but dusty in harmattan.
Southern Casamance Region
South of The Gambia, the tropical savanna climate (Aw) delivers up to 1800mm rain, peaking at 600mm in August. Contrasting seasons feature hot, humid wet summers and dry harmattan winters. Temperatures average 30-33°C inland in peak heat, milder near coast. Lush vegetation supports agriculture but brings mosquitoes during rains. Appeals to nature lovers[1].
Lush, humid, and steamy with vibrant wet season growth; transforms to golden savanna in dry months, feeling tropical and alive.
Senegal's climate spans arid north, semi-arid center, and savanna south, offering year-round warmth but varying rainfall and heat intensity. Coastal Dakar provides the most moderate conditions for expats, while southern regions suit those embracing tropical rains. Residents appreciate abundant sunshine and mild winters, though dust, heat, and humidity require adaptation.
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