Sierra Leone flagPolitics & Government Guide

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone operates as a presidential republic under President Julius Maada Bio of the SLPP, who has led since 2018 amid ongoing challenges like corruption and economic difficulties. The unicameral Parliament reflects a bipolar party system dominated by SLPP and APC, with recent initiatives targeting governance reforms and development through 2030. Political stability remains fragile, highlighted by events such as the 2024 removal of the Auditor General.

Political Stability

Poor

Corruption Index

Below Average

Democracy Index

Moderate

Government Type

Presidential republic

Legal System

Mixed legal system of English common law and customary law

Head of State

President Julius Maada Bio(since 2018)

Head of Government

President Julius Maada Bio(Sierra Leone People's Party)since 2018

Political Indicators

Political Stability
-0.45

Scale: -2.5 to 2.5

Weak

World Bank (2024)

Corruption Index
37Rank #108

Scale: 0-100

Transparency International (2024)

Press Freedom
55.12Rank #79

Scale: 0-100

Reporters Without Borders (2024)

Democracy Index
5.23

Scale: 0-10

Hybrid regime

Economist Intelligence Unit (2024)

Legislature

Type:unicameral
Lower House:Parliament (149 seats)

Major Political Parties

Sierra Leone People's Party(SLPP)

Centre-left

81 seats
All People's Congress(APC)

Centre-right

54 seats

Voting Rights

Citizens aged 18 and above have the right to vote in presidential and parliamentary elections

Recent Developments

  • Sierra Leone's fifth Open Government Partnership action plan 2024-2028 launched, focusing on anti-corruption, open parliament, and extractives transparency
  • Medium Term National Development Plan 2024-2030 introduced, emphasizing food security, employment, and human capital investment
  • Parliament voted to remove suspended Auditor General Lara Taylor-Pearce in December 2024 amid controversy over independence
  • Government accepted constitutional review recommendations including separation of Attorney General and Minister of Justice offices
Voting Age18
SuffrageUniversal
Constitution1991
Districts16