Retirement & Benefits Guide in Somalia

Somalia's formal pension system is narrow and mainly covers public-sector workers, with a 65 retirement age, a 1.5% accrual rate, and a 75% maximum replacement rate that is difficult to reach. Coverage outside government and large formal employers remains limited.

Pension adequacy is weak because most workers are informal and receive no reliable old-age income, while public pensions can be low and there is no minimum benefit. Informal family support remains the main safety net for many seniors.

Somalia does not have a comprehensive national health insurance system, and access to care is uneven across regions. Legal residents and retirees typically depend on out-of-pocket spending, employer coverage, NGOs, or limited private services.