Politics & Government Guide
Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Vatican City
Government Type
Absolute monarchy
Legal System
Absolute monarchy with canon law and civil law elements
Head of State
Pope Leo XIV(since 2025)
Head of Government
President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State Fernando Vérgez Alzagasince 2021
Legislature
Voting Rights
No popular elections for government; Swiss Guard members and some employees vote for a minor consultative council (Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State does not involve popular vote)
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