Politics & Government Guide
Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Bangladesh
Bangladesh is governed by an interim administration led by Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus since August 2024, following the ouster of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina amid mass protests. Key reforms under the July Charter aim to establish a bicameral legislature and limit executive power ahead of national elections scheduled for February 2026. Political tensions persist among major parties including BNP, Awami League, and Jamaat-e-Islami.
Democracy Index
Moderate
Government Type
Parliamentary republic under interim government
Legal System
Mixed legal system combining English common law and Islamic law
Head of State
President Mohammed Shahabuddin(since 2023)
Head of Government
Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus(Independent)since 2024
Political Indicators
Democracy Index
Scale: 0-10
Hybrid regime
Economist Intelligence Unit (2023)
Legislature
Major Political Parties
Centre-right
Centre-left
Right-wing Islamist
Voting Rights
Citizens aged 18 and above have the right to vote in national and local elections.
Recent Developments
- Interim government formed after Sheikh Hasina's resignation in August 2024 following student-led uprising[6]
- July Charter signed by 25 parties in October 2025 proposing bicameral legislature, term limits, and proportional representation[5]
- Elections scheduled for February 2026[4]
- July National Charter Implementation Order issued on 13 November 2025[1]
- Referendum planned for February 2026 on reform roadmap[5]
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