Politics & Government Guide
Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Bosnia And Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina operates as a complex federal parliamentary republic under the Dayton Agreement, with a tripartite presidency and a Council of Ministers navigating ethnic divisions. The current government, formed in 2023, faces persistent challenges from entity-level disputes and EU integration hurdles. Political stability remains fragile amid decentralization and electoral reforms.
Government Type
Federal parliamentary republic
Legal System
Civil law system with entity-level variations
Head of State
Presidency (collective, rotating chair) Željka Cvijanović (current chair, Serb member)(since 2022)
Head of Government
Chair of the Council of Ministers Borjana Krišto(HDZ BiH)since 2023
Legislature
Major Political Parties
Bosniak, conservative
Serb, populist
Centre-left
Croat, centre-right
Voting Rights
Citizens vote in all elections; ethnic quotas apply for Presidency and House of Peoples
Recent Developments
- Electoral law changes by High Representative in 2022 enabled government formation in 2023
- State-level Council of Ministers formed in April 2023 after prolonged deadlock
- Ongoing EU accession negotiations advanced with reforms in 2024
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