Cuba's public transport system faces a prolonged crisis with deteriorating infrastructure and insufficient capacity. Havana operates 17 main bus routes and 104 secondary corridors through the Provincial Transportation Company, supplemented by Viazul intercity service. The railway system (8,193 km) is described as the cheapest, slowest, and least reliable mode of travel. Recent Chinese-built trains with air conditioning began service in July 2019, but overall system reliability remains poor due to fuel shortages, spare parts scarcity, and aging equipment. No metro systems exist.

Cuba's road network totals 60,858 km with 29,820 km paved (including 915 km expressways) and 31,038 km unpaved. The Autopista Nacional (A1) connects Havana to Santa Clara and Sancti Spiritus, while the Autopista Este-Oeste (A4) serves Havana to Pinar del Río. However, road quality is significantly deteriorated with poor maintenance, limited traffic management systems, and inadequate safety infrastructure. The historic Carretera Central remains important but aging. Road conditions vary substantially between main highways and secondary routes.

Cuba has extremely limited internet infrastructure with very slow speeds and minimal fiber deployment. The country faces severe connectivity constraints due to the U.S. embargo restricting technology imports and limited domestic investment in digital infrastructure. Internet access remains restricted and expensive for most Cubans, with speeds typically under 10 Mbps in urban areas and even slower in rural regions. Fiber networks are virtually non-existent outside government facilities.

Avg: 5.2+ Mbps • Minimal fiber deployment, primarily government use only

Cuba operates 155 airports with 25 major facilities providing domestic and limited international connectivity. José Martí International Airport in Havana serves as the primary hub for international flights, connecting to North America, Europe, and the Caribbean. The airport network supports tourism and domestic travel but faces capacity and maintenance limitations. International routes are restricted compared to pre-embargo levels, though recent diplomatic developments have expanded some connections. Domestic service connects major cities and tourist destinations.