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Transportation & Infrastructure Guide in Egypt

Public transit, airports, and getting around

Egypt's transportation landscape revolves around the Nile River and Cairo hub, blending ancient waterways with modern expansions. Strengths include the Suez Canal for global trade, growing metro and monorail systems, and 174,800 km of roads. Challenges persist in urban congestion, pollution, and rural connectivity for its 102 million residents. Visitors enjoy EgyptAir domestic flights, ferries, and tourist rail, while mega-projects like high-speed rail and new ports position Egypt as a regional logistics hub.
Public Transport
Moderate
Road Infrastructure
Moderate
Public Transport
5.5/10

Cairo Metro (Lines 1-3) offers reliable urban service; Line 4 and monorails under construction for 2028. Buses and trams cover cities but face congestion. Egyptian National Railways serve Nile corridor; high-speed rail network building. Limited integration outside Cairo/Alexandria.

Road Infrastructure
6.2/10

174,800 km network, 80% paved; National Roads Project adds 7,000 km highways. 4-lane freeways common but mixed traffic slows them. Urban congestion high in Cairo; rural/desert roads variable. Ongoing maintenance and expansion improve safety.

Internet Speed
5.8/10

Average fixed broadband ~80 Mbps; mobile ~60 Mbps (2026 data). Fiber expanding in urban areas like Cairo/Alexandria; rural lags on 4G/ADSL. Telecom upgrades support high mobile penetration.

Avg: 80+ Mbps • Urban expansion (Cairo, Alexandria); limited rural, government investing heavily

Airport Connectivity
7.6/10

141 total airports, 33 major; Cairo (CAI) key EgyptAir hub with global routes. Strong domestic to tourist sites (Luxor, Sharm El-Sheikh). New Administrative Capital Airport enhances connectivity.

Hubs: Cairo (CAI), Sharm El-Sheikh (SSH), Hurghada (HRG), Alexandria (HBE)

Transportation Costs

Metro Pass
EGP 280/month (Cairo)
Bus Trip
EGP 5-15 per ride
Taxi
EGP 10 start + EGP 5-10/km
High-speed Train
EGP 500-2000 Cairo-New Capital (emerging)

Mobile Network

5G Coverage: Major cities (Cairo, Alexandria, New Capital); expanding to tourist areas 2024-2026
4G Coverage: 95%+ population coverage; strong nationwide from Vodafone, Orange, Etisalat, WE Telecom

Reliable networks with high urban speeds; mobile surpasses fixed-line usage. Excellent coverage along Nile, ports; rural improving via investments.

Driving License

IDP requiredConversion needed

Foreign licenses valid 3-6 months with IDP (Arabic translation required). Long-term residents must convert to Egyptian license via driving test or exchange. Drives on right side.

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View all Egypt Guides & Categories14 in-depth guides for expats & digital nomads