Finland flagPolitics & Government Guide

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Finland

Finland is a stable parliamentary republic led by President Alexander Stubb and Prime Minister Petteri Orpo's centre-right coalition since 2023. The Orpo government is focusing on fiscal consolidation, debt reduction, and structural reforms amid economic challenges. It ranks among the world's top nations in democracy, press freedom, and low corruption.

Political Stability

Poor

Corruption Index

Good

Democracy Index

Good

Government Type

Parliamentary republic

Legal System

Civil law system

Head of State

President Alexander Stubb(since 2024)

Head of Government

Prime Minister Petteri Orpo(National Coalition Party)since 2023

Political Indicators

Political Stability
1.02Rank #4

Scale: -2.5 to 2.5

Very Stable

World Bank (2024)

Corruption Index
87Rank #2

Scale: 0-100

Transparency International (2024)

Press Freedom
92.6Rank #1

Scale: 0-100

Reporters Without Borders (2024)

Democracy Index
9.3Rank #5

Scale: 0-10

Full Democracy

Economist Intelligence Unit (2024)

Legislature

Type:unicameral
Lower House:Parliament (Eduskunta) (200 seats)

Major Political Parties

National Coalition Party(KOK)

Centre-right

48 seats
Finns Party(PS)

Right-wing

46 seats
Social Democratic Party(SDP)

Centre-left

43 seats
Centre Party(KESK)

Centrist

24 seats

Voting Rights

Finnish citizens have full voting rights. EU citizens residing in Finland can vote in municipal and European Parliament elections.

Recent Developments

  • Orpo Cabinet implemented EUR 9 billion fiscal consolidation package in 2024-2025 to stabilize debt
  • National Coalition Party won 2024 presidential and European Parliament elections
  • Social security and labour market reforms boosting employment enacted in 2024
  • New fiscal framework adopted to anchor multi-year fiscal planning
Voting Age18
SuffrageUniversal
Constitution2000
Regions19