Politics & Government Guide · IndonesiaPolitics & Government Guide in Indonesia
Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions
Indonesia is a presidential republic dominated by an oversized governing coalition supporting President Prabowo Subianto. The 2026 budget and cabinet structure reflect a more centralized, interventionist governing style, while analysts continue to warn about weak opposition oversight and pressures on democratic accountability.
Corruption Index
Below Average
Democracy Index
Moderate
Government Type
Presidential republic
Legal System
Civil law system with significant influence from Roman-Dutch law, customary law, and Islamic law in some regions
Head of State
President Prabowo Subianto(since 2024)
Head of Government
President Prabowo Subianto(Great Indonesia Movement Party)since 2024
Political Indicators
Corruption Index
Scale: 0-100
Transparency International (2024)
Press Freedom
Scale: 0-100
Reporters Without Borders (2024)
Democracy Index
Scale: 0-10
Flawed Democracy
Economist Intelligence Unit (2024)
Legislature
Major Political Parties
Right-wing nationalist
Center-left nationalist
Center-right
Center to center-right, Muslim democratic
Center
Voting Rights
Citizens aged 17 and older may vote, including married persons under 17. Voting is not extended to foreign residents in national elections.
Recent Developments
- The Prabowo administration took office in October 2024 and formed a very large coalition cabinet, sharply reducing the role of opposition parties in parliament.
- The 2026 state budget was passed with an expansionary spending plan and a larger central-government share of fiscal resources, including major funding for the Free Nutritious Meal program.
- Indonesia’s parliament and executive have continued to operate with an oversized governing coalition, limiting legislative scrutiny and intensifying concerns about democratic backsliding.
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