Lebanon's pension system features a mandatory end-of-service indemnity (EOSI) via NSSF for private sector workers, providing lump-sum payments based on final salary and years of service (1-3 months per year). Public sector has separate lifetime pensions up to 85% of salary; system is weak with low replacement rates under 40% and ongoing reforms phasing out EOSI.

Lump-sum EOSI offers limited adequacy for retirement needs, with benefits like last monthly earnings times years of service plus extras for >20 years, but no ongoing pensions for private sector leading to high elderly poverty. Supplementary private savings are essential amid economic instability.

Healthcare access is limited for retirees with NSSF providing some reimbursements to contributors, but public system is underfunded and private care is expensive amid economic crisis. Expats rely on private insurance; quality varies with shortages in many facilities.