Tanzania operates as a presidential republic dominated by the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party. President Samia Suluhu Hassan, the country's first female president, assumed office in March 2021 following constitutional procedures after her predecessor's death. The executive branch holds significant power, with the president serving as both head of state and head of government, while the unicameral National Assembly exercises legislative authority with a mix of directly elected, reserved, and appointed members.