Politics & Government Guide in Uzbekistan

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions

Uzbekistan operates as an authoritarian presidential republic where President Shavkat Mirziyoyev holds dominant power over all branches of government. The 2024 parliamentary elections under a mixed system produced a legislature fully loyal to the president, with no opposition parties allowed. Reforms since 2016 have brought economic improvements, but political liberalization remains limited.

Government Type

Presidential Republic

Legal System

Civil law system

Head of State

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev(since 2016)

Head of Government

Prime Minister Abdulla Aripov(Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party)since 2016

Legislature

Type:bicameral

Upper House:Senate (100 seats)

Lower House:Legislative Chamber (150 seats)

Major Political Parties

Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party(UzLiDeP)

Center-right

64 seats

Voting Rights

Citizens aged 18 and older have the right to vote in national elections

Recent Developments

Parliamentary elections held on October 27, 2024, under a new mixed electoral system
Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party increased seats in lower house from 53 to 64
Poverty rate reduced from 17.0% in 2022 to 8.9% in February 2025 due to welfare programs

Voting Age18

SuffrageUniversal

Constitution1992

Provinces14