Zimbabwe flagPolitics & Government Guide

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe is a full presidential republic led by President Emmerson Mnangagwa of ZANU-PF since 2017, with a bicameral parliament dominated by the ruling party following the 2023 elections. The country faces ongoing economic challenges, political tensions within the ruling elite, and concerns over power consolidation and democratic backsliding.

Government Type

Full presidential republic

Legal System

Mixed legal system of English common law and customary law

Head of State

President Emmerson Mnangagwa(since 2017)

Head of Government

President Emmerson Mnangagwa(ZANU-PF)since 2017

Legislature

Type:bicameral
Upper House:Senate (80 seats)
Lower House:National Assembly (280 seats)

Major Political Parties

Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front(ZANU-PF)

Left-wing

190 seats
Citizens Coalition for Change(CCC)

Centre-left

70 seats

Voting Rights

All Zimbabwean citizens aged 18 and above have the right to vote in national and local elections.

Recent Developments

  • Contested general elections held in August 2023
  • Creation of the Mutapa Investment Fund in 2023
  • Discussions on potential extension of presidential and parliamentary terms beyond 2028
Voting Age18
SuffrageUniversal
Constitution2013
Provinces10