Public transport is informal and fragmented. Trotros (privately-operated vans) and taxis dominate urban mobility, carrying ~85% of passengers. Limited formal bus networks exist in major cities (Accra, Kumasi). No metro or rapid transit systems. Minimal integration between transport modes and inconsistent service quality. Operating hours vary by operator; peak congestion during rush hours severely impacts reliability.

Road network totals 78,402 km but only 49% is maintained or rehabilitated. Urban roads experience severe congestion, particularly in Accra and Kumasi. Feeder roads (62% of network) are poorly maintained, with 65% in poor condition. Highway quality varies; intercity routes show poor pavement conditions. Traffic control devices and enforcement are inadequate. Safety concerns include poor lighting, inadequate signage, and shared roadways with pedestrians and vendors.

Ghana's internet infrastructure is developing with average speeds around 25-35 Mbps in urban areas. Fiber optic deployment is expanding in Accra and major cities but remains limited in rural regions. Mobile broadband (4G) provides primary connectivity for most users. Rural-urban digital divide remains significant. Investment in fiber infrastructure ongoing but coverage gaps persist.

Avg: 28.5+ Mbps • Expanding in Accra and major urban centers; limited rural deployment

Ghana operates 18 airports with 6 major facilities. Kotoka International Airport (Accra) is the primary hub with upgraded runways and new terminals, serving as West Africa's key transit point. Regional airports in Kumasi, Takoradi, and Tamale support domestic and limited international flights. Recent airport modernization projects enhance capacity for international traffic. Good connectivity to West African neighbors and growing intercontinental routes.

Hubs: Kotoka International Airport (ACC) - Accra, Kumasi International Airport (KMS), Takoradi International Airport (TKD), Tamale International Airport (TML)