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Indonesia flagTransportation & Infrastructure Guide

Public transit, airports, and getting around in Indonesia

Indonesia, with its 273 million population across 17,000 islands, features a diverse transportation landscape dominated by ferries, roads, and aviation. Strengths include 656 airports (79 major) and expanding Trans-Java toll roads, while challenges encompass severe urban congestion in Jakarta, limited public transit outside cities, and archipelago connectivity issues. Residents rely on motorcycles, buses, and trains; visitors use airports and ride-hailing apps amid ongoing ITS and EV investments.
Public Transport
Below Average
Road Infrastructure
Below Average
Public Transport
4.2/10

Basic public transport with Jakarta MRT (39km), LRT (6km), and BRT (231km) serving urban areas. Komuter trains and TransJakarta buses offer fair coverage in capitals, but limited integration, low frequency outside Java, and poor rural access prevail.

Road Infrastructure
4.8/10

Trans-Java Toll Road connects key cities; Balikpapan-Samarinda toll aids Kalimantan. Urban congestion severe in Jakarta/Bandung; rural roads often poor with maintenance gaps, high fatalities, and emerging ITS for signals/incidents.

Internet Speed
5.8/10

Average fixed broadband ~75 Mbps, mobile ~60 Mbps (2025 Speedtest data). Fiber expanding in Java cities via Palapa Ring; urban 4G/5G strong, rural gaps persist despite investments.

Avg: 75+ Mbps • Urban expansion (Jakarta, Surabaya), limited rural; 30-40% FTTH coverage in cities

Airport Connectivity
7.6/10

656 airports including 79 major; Soekarno-Hatta (CGK) key hub with expansions to 1.5M ton cargo. Strong domestic network; good international links to Asia/Europe via CGK, DPS, SUB.

Hubs: Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta (CGK), Bali Ngurah Rai (DPS), Surabaya Juanda (SUB), Medan Kualanamu (KNO)

Transportation Costs

Metro Pass
IDR 200,000/month (Jakarta KRL/MRT)
Bus Trip
IDR 3,500-10,000 per ride (TransJakarta)
Taxi
IDR 8,000 start + IDR 5,000/km (Blue Bird); Grab ~IDR 4,000/km
High-speed Train
IDR 300,000-750,000 Jakarta-Surabaya (KCIC Whoosh)

Mobile Network

5G Coverage: Major cities (Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung) covered by Telkomsel, XL; expanding to 50+ cities by 2026
4G Coverage: 95%+ population coverage; strong nationwide from Telkomsel, Indosat, XL

Reliable urban networks with good speeds; rural 4G improving via BTS expansions, but remote islands lag.

Driving License

IDP requiredConversion needed

Foreign licenses + IDP valid 3-12 months for tourists. Long-term residents must convert to Indonesian SIM via tests after 1 year. Left-hand driving.

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