Namibia is a presidential republic with a bicameral legislature, currently led by President Dr. Netumbo Nandi Ndaitwah, the country's first female president elected in December 2024. The ruling SWAPO party maintains a bare majority in the National Assembly following the 2024 elections, marking its weakest electoral showing since independence in 1990. The country operates as a multi-party democracy with constitutional protections for civil rights and a functioning independent judiciary.