Greenland, the world's largest island at 2,166,086 km², features an extreme Arctic climate dominated by the vast ice sheet covering 80% of its surface. Classified primarily as ice cap (Köppen EF) with tundra (ET) along coasts, it experiences prolonged cold winters and brief, cool summers. Coastal areas see slightly milder conditions due to ocean influence, but interiors remain frigid year-round. Recent data (2020-2025) highlight accelerating ice melt from warming, yet average temperatures stay below freezing most months, posing challenges for residents including extreme darkness in winter and constant daylight in summer. Precipitation is low, mostly as snow, with high humidity from coastal fog.