Fragmented public transport system with emerging improvements. Lagos Mass Transit System integrates buses, ferries, and expanding rail networks. Most cities lack coordinated transit; buses dominate but lack integration. Limited metro/subway infrastructure outside Lagos. Challenges include poor coordination between federal, state, and private operators, inadequate funding, and unreliable service. Growing investment in modern terminals and CNG bus fleets signals improvement trajectory.

Road network handles 90% of traffic but faces significant maintenance challenges. Many roads unpaved or in poor condition; highways like Trans-Sahara and Trans-Sahelian routes partially complete. Urban roads congested, especially Lagos (up to 3 hours gridlock daily). Government prioritizing road rehabilitation and new construction. Safety concerns from poor signage and maintenance. Strategic location enables four Trans-African Highway routes, but infrastructure quality remains below regional standards.

Growing fiber network in urban centers with average speeds around 28 Mbps. Major cities like Lagos and Abuja have improved connectivity; rural areas rely on slower connections. Mobile broadband increasingly important. Government and private sector investing in fiber infrastructure expansion. Reliability improving but still lags developed nations. Urban-rural digital divide remains significant challenge.

Avg: 28.4+ Mbps • Expanding in major cities (Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt); limited rural coverage; growing private sector investment

Strong airport network with 67 total airports including 26 major facilities. Murtala Muhammed International Airport (Lagos) serves as primary international hub with extensive African and global connections. Kano, Port Harcourt, and Abuja airports provide secondary hubs. Good domestic flight coverage connecting major cities. International routes link to Europe, Middle East, and across Africa. Airport modernization ongoing; concessions awarded to improve facilities and services.