Madagascar flagPolitics & Government Guide

Political system, governance structure, stability indicators, and democratic institutions in Madagascar

Madagascar is under a transitional military-led government following the High Constitutional Court's decision on 14 October 2025 to transfer presidential power to Colonel Michaël Randrianirina amid political deadlock after President Rajoelina's impeachment. A new cabinet was appointed, aiming for elections within two years, while the ruling IRMAR coalition holds a majority in the National Assembly from 2024 elections. The situation reflects ongoing political instability with judicial intervention in executive transitions.

Government Type

Semi-presidential republic

Legal System

Civil law system based on French civil law

Head of State

President Colonel Michaël Randrianirina(since 2025)

Head of Government

Prime Minister Christian Ntsay(Independent)since 2018

Legislature

Type:bicameral
Upper House:Senate (18 seats)
Lower House:National Assembly (163 seats)

Major Political Parties

Isika rehetra miaraka amin'i Andry Rajoelina(IRMAR)

Ruling coalition

84 seats
Firaisankina(Firaisankina)

Opposition coalition

22 seats

Voting Rights

Direct universal suffrage for citizens aged 18 and over in presidential, legislative, and local elections

Recent Developments

  • National Assembly impeached President Rajoelina, leading to HCC transferring power to military authority Colonel Michaël Randrianirina on 17 October 2025
  • New largely civilian cabinet formed on 28 October 2025 alongside military-led committee for transitional period up to two years
  • IRMAR coalition secured absolute majority with 84 seats in National Assembly following elections certified on 27 June 2024
Voting Age18
SuffrageUniversal
Constitution2010
Regions28